![]() Gredinger and the project of the legal scholar S. ![]() Within the framework of this study, the author selects and studies the main provisions of the project of the Privy Councilor F. Despite the fact that this institute is not reflected in the national legislation, representatives of the Russian science of criminal law actively examined this measure and proposed their own draft laws on this issue. The study of this institute in the Russian science of criminal law began at the same time when the question of its introduction was considered in many European states. Proceeding from this, the idea of probation arose according to which a person was released from punishment on condition that he did not commit a new crime. This is due to the fact that the so-called “casual criminals” do not possess stable criminal characteristics typical for persons for whom commission of crimes becomes a profession, and placing them in the prison environment negatively impacts them. The use of short-term imprisonment in this case led to negative consequences, rather than positive ones. ![]() Primarily, such persons included those who had committed a minor offence for the first time due to certain life circumstances the penalty for suh offences consisted of short-term imprisonment. More than 100 years ago the question arose about the application to the guilty persons of measures having a smaller punitive effect in comparison with imprisonment. ![]()
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